Internal-combustion engine



Vmy12,192.5. y 1 1,537,546 A. E. OSBORN INTERNAL COMBUSTION vENGINE original Filed Jan. 14, 1920 Patented May 12, 1925.

UNITED STATES l ALDEN E. OSBORN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed January 14, 1920, Serial No. 351,345.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALBEN E. OsBonN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates particularly to engines of the character disclosed in my Patents, :#1,212,391 and 1,315,192 in which, both the intake and exhaust functions are controlled by a single valve of the reciproeating piston type.

rl`he objects of the invention are toimprove and increase the etliciency of such engines, particularly in the mattei' of cooling the valve and securing better vaporization or gasification of the fuel.

It has also been my aim to attain the results mentioned without complicating -or materially adding to the expense of the engine.

Stated generally, the invention involves the utilization of theA burned gases for heating the intake gas, by constructing the valve which controls the functions of the engine with a deflecting Wall arranged to direct the incoming gas into contact with the wall of the valve which is exposed to thek heat of the burned gas. lThe invention involves further the provision of the heated wall with heat radiating fins extending toward the detlecting wall and arranged to carry the heat into more intimate contact with the inflowing mixture.

Other features of the invention will appear as the specification proceeds and will be the more readily understood by consideration of the accompanying drawing, wherein l have illustrated the invention embodied in several of its different practical forms.

In' the drawing referred to, Figure 1 is a broken sectional view of an engine of the single intake port type as disclosed in my Patent 1,212,391, above referred to, equipped with and embodying the features of the present invention.

Similarly, Figure 2 is a sectional view. of the invention as applied to an engine of the double intake port type disclosed in my Patent 1,315,192.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of the same as taken on substantially the plane of line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Renewed March 10, 1925.

Figure l is a vertical sectional view on an enlarged scale of a modified form of the valve shown in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on substantially the plane of line 5-5 of Figure 4.

In the engines illustrated, a single engine driven valve serves to control both the intake and the exhaust. This valve reciprocates in a valve chamber 11 in open communication at the top with the combustion chamber of the cylinder 12. Opening into the valve chamber adjacent the upper end thereof is the exhaust port 13 and opening into the lower portion of the same is the intake port 14C.

In the first type of engine illustrated, the fresh gas is admitted into the working cylinder through a single intake port 15 and the valve, which is of hollow or tubular construction, is in this form provided with a port 16 in the outer side thereof for registry with port 111 and with a single port 17 in the opposite or inner side thereof for registry with the cylinder admission port 15.

In its passage through the intake valve from the inlet port 16 to the outlet port 17, the intake gas is Vdirected toward and into contact with the upper end wall or head 20 of the valve, by means of a deflecting wall 21 which, in the first form illustrated, is shown as extending from the lower edge ofthe outlet port 17 toward and relatively close to the exhaust-heated wall 20. In'this way the intake gas is directed toward and into engagement with the head of the piston valve which is heated by the burned gases and consequently, the'intake gas, by the time it is admitted to the cylinder, has taken up considerable of the heat of the burned gas and is thereby properly vaporized. This feature naturally is of special vahlie lwhere heavy oils are employed as fue The vaporizing effect is increased by providing the head of the valve with one or a series of dependent heat radiating fins which project down into the hollow valve toward and closely adjacent to the deflecting wall 21. These tins may be arranged as indicated, that is, parallel to the flow of gas through the valve so as to break up the gas into a plurality of relatively thin streams, which enables the heat to be transmitted quite uniformly to the entire body lll) of the gas as well as thoroughly breaking up the gas.

The engine illustrated in Figure 2 is as above stated, of the double intake port type like that disclosed in my Patent 1,315,192 and having in place of the single intake port 15, a pair of vertically spaced intake ports l5a and 15, with which register at the proper tiines the out-let ports 17a and 17b in the valve 10, said valve having as before an inlet port 16 for registry with the port 1a in the valve chamber. In this casethe defleeting wall 21L is shown as extending from the lower edge of the upper outlet port 172.

With this construction, that portion of the intake gas which passes out through the ports 17d and 15a into the cylinder is niore highly heated than the gas passing through the lower set of ports 17h and 15b. This, in soine instances, may be advantageous and in othercases, it niay be desirable to heat the divided streams of gas more uniformly as accomplished in the valve shown in Figure 4. lIn this` view the deflecting Wall 21b is shown as extended from the lower edge of the lower outlet port 17b which ineans that the flow of gasv to both said ports will be substantially equally heated. In the valve under consideration I have also shown how the gas-heated head of the valve may be formed integrally instead ofas in the forni of an inserted or screwed-in plug, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.

What I claimv is:

1. In an, internal combustion engine, a piston, a tubular intake valve of the piston type having the head thereof exposed at all times to the heat and pressure of the burning gases,V said tubular valve having por-ts in the sides thereof and a deflecting wall between said ports extending toward the head of the valve for directing the incoming gases' i-n their passage from one port to the other toward the gas-heated head of the valve. f

2. In an inter-nal combustion engine, a

y piston, ra tubular intake valve of the piston type having the Yhead thereof exposed at all tinies to theY heat and pressure of the burning gases, said tubular valve having ports in the sides thereof,-a defleoting wall between said ports extendingy toward the head of the valve for directing the incoming gases. in their passage from one port te the other toward the gas-heated head of the valve and said valve head having a dependent heat radiating fin or hns extending into the tubular valve toward the deiiecting wall aforesaid.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a piston, a hollow intake valve having a wall at one end exposed to the heat and pressure of the burning gases during the power stroke and Aprovided' with inlet and outlet ports in the sides thereof for the intake gas and a infr/,54e

deflecting wall within the hollow valve and extending from the lower side of one of the ports therein toward and adjacent to the gas-heated wall to thereby deflect the intake gases passing from one port to the other into contact with such wall.

L1. In an internal combustion engine, a piston, a hollow intake valve having a wall at one end exposed to the heat and pressure of the burning gases during the power stroke and provided with inlet and outlet ports in the sides thereof for the intake gas and a deflecting wall within the hollow valve and extending frein the lower side rof the outlet port therein toward and adjacent to the gas-heated wall to thereby deflect the intake gases passing from one port to the other into contactwith siicliwvall.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a pis-ton, a hollow intakev valve of the piston type having the head thereof exposed to the heat and pressure of the burning gases during the power stroke of the engine and provided below said head with inlet and outlet ports in opposite sides thereof for the intake gas, a deflecting wall extending from adjacent one edge of one of said ports toward the gas-heated head of the valve and a heat radiating fin or iins dependent from the gas-heated head and projecting toward the deflecting wall aforesaid. Y, i

6. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provide-d with double intakeports separated longitudinally of the cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a hollow piston valve having a head exposed to the burned gases of the engine and provided in one sidey there-. of with an inlet port and in the opposite side thereof with a pair of longitudinally separated ports to register with the intake ports aforesaid, said hollow piston valve having a deflecting wall between the inlet and outlet ports of` the valve extending from a position adjacent the edge of one of said two outlet port-s toward the gas heated head of the piston valve.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a piston, a hollow intake piston valve hav-ing a passage therethrough for intake gas and having the head of said piston valve ferming one wall of said passage and exposed to the heat and pressure of the burning gases ef the engine, and said head of the Vpiston valve having ai heat radiating iin or fins projecting into. said passage and extending substantially in line with the direction of flew ofthe intake gasto thereby dividev the saine into a series of streams each directly receiving heat from the fin `or fins.A i

8. In an internal combustion engine, ra piston, a hellfew intake piston valve having a passage therethrough for intake gas and having the head of said piston valve fornil ing one wall of said passage and exposed to the heat and pressure of the burning gases of the engine, said head of the piston Valve having a heat radiating iin or tins projectn ing into said passage and extending substantially in line with the direction of flow of the intake gas to thereby divide the saine into a series of streams each directly receiving heat from the tin or lins and a deleoting wall extending toward and adjacent to the tin or fins for requiring the intake gas to pass into intimate Contact with the lin or ins.

9. An internal combustion engine coni- Vprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a second cylinder' adjacent to the first cylinder, an

l5 intake passage between said two cylinders opening into the first cylinder within the stroke of the headV of the piston therein, a hollow piston valve in the second cylinder having a head exposed at all times to the heat and pressure of the burning gases and provided with an inlet port and with an outlet port adapted to oo-aot with the intake passage between the cylinders to open or close the same and a deflecting Wall within the hollow piston Valve disposed to delle-ot the gases passing through from the inlet to the outlet port into Contact with the heated head of the Valve.

In witness whereof, I hereunto set my hand this 12th day of January, 1920.

A. E. OSBORN. 

